Primary and secondary outcomes
| Outcome | H (n = 35) | I (n = 35) | P (n = 35) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H vs. P | I vs. P | H vs. I | ||||
| Major complications (CD grade ≥ 3) | 3 (8.6) | 2 (5.7) | 3 (8.6) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Overall complications (CD grade 1–5) | 16 (45.7) | 21 (60.0) | 28 (80.0) | 0.006 | 0.117 | 0.338 |
| CR-POPF | 5 (14.3) | 6 (17.1) | 9 (25.7) | 0.371 | 0.561 | 1.000 |
| DGE | 3 (8.6) | 9 (25.7) | 8 (22.9) | 0.188 | 1.000 | 0.110 |
| PPH | 3 (8.6) | 4 (11.4) | 5 (14.3) | 0.710 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| SSI | 5 (14.3) | 10 (28.6) | 9 (25.7) | 0.371 | 1.000 | 0.244 |
| Length of intensive care unit stay (day) | 3 (3–4) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–3) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Length of hospital stay (day) | 10 (8–11) | 10 (9–14) | 11 (9–15) | 0.052 | 0.741 | 0.130 |
| Range | 6–59 | 7–33 | 7–30 | |||
| Reoperation | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (5.7) | 1.000 | 0.493 | 1.000 |
| Readmission | 2 (5.7) | 2 (5.7) | 2 (5.7) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| 30-day mortality | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | 1.000 | 1.000 | - |
| POD-3 serum amylase (U/L) | 81.97 ± 74.61 | 105.60 ± 111.62 | 122.20 ± 123.60 | 0.104 | 0.557 | 0.301 |
Values are presented as number (%), median (interquartile range), or mean ± standard deviation.
CD, Clavien–Dindo; CR-POPF, clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula; DGE, delayed gastric emptying; PPH, postpancreatectomy hemorrhage; SSI, surgical site infections; POD, postoperative day; H, hydrocortisone; I, indomethacin; P, placebo.