Fig. 2. Intraoperative photographs of the wedge resection of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) in Case no. 1. (A) The tumor-invaded IVC is isolated (arrow). (B) The invaded IVC wall was excised. (C, D) The wall defect in the IVC wall was repaired with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene patch under modified total hepatic vascular exclusion.

Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2021;25:536-43 https://doi.org/10.14701/ahbps.2021.25.4.536

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